The study showed waist-to-hip ratio to be a better heart attack predictor than general obesity – 18% stronger than body mass index in women and 6% in men.

The report found a high BMI was linked to heart disease risk in both sexes.

The researchers interviewed nearly 500,000 UK adults aged 40 to 69.

The research has been published in the Journal of the American Heart Association and used the UK Biobank resource.

Dr Sanne Peters, the report’s lead author, from the institute, which is at the University of Oxford, said: “Our findings support the notion that having proportionally more fat around the abdomen (a characteristic of the apple shape) appears to be more hazardous than more visceral fat, which is generally stored around the hips (the pear shape).”

She said that “looking at how fat tissue is distributed in the body – especially in women – can give us more insight into the risk of heart attack than measures of general obesity”.

Dr Peters added: “Understanding the role sex differences in body fat distribution play in future health problems could lead to sex-specific public health interventions that could address the global obesity epidemic more effectively.”

The report said that body composition and fat distribution differed markedly between the sexes, with women having a predominance of fat mass and subcutaneous fat and men having lean mass and visceral fat.

It added: “Our study has several strengths, including the prospective design, large sample size, and direct measurement of general and central adiposity on all participants.

“However, the UK Biobank is a largely white population, and further analyses are needed to determine the generalisability to other populations.”

Heart attack symptoms

• chest pain – a sensation of pressure, tightness or squeezing in the centre of your chest
• pain in other parts of the body – it can feel as if the pain is travelling from your chest to your arms (usually the left arm is affected, but it can affect both arms), jaw, neck, back and abdomen
• feeling lightheaded or dizzy
• sweating
• shortness of breath
• feeling or being sick
• overwhelming sense of anxiety (similar to having a panic attack)
• coughing or wheezing

Although the chest pain is often severe, some people may feel only minor pain, similar to indigestion. In some cases, there may not be any chest pain at all, especially in women, the elderly and people with diabetes.

Source: NHS Choices

Ashleigh Doggett, senior cardiac nurse at the British Heart Foundation, said: “Considering the large amount of UK participants, this is a very interesting study which highlights that obesity remains a risk factor for heart attacks in both men and women.

“Interestingly, it suggests that those of us who are ‘apple’ as opposed to ‘pear’ shape, especially women, may be at higher risk of a heart attack.

“We know from previous BHF research that women are often misdiagnosed initially when having a heart attack so how we store fat and our body shape may be an important factor for medical staff to consider when making a diagnosis.

“The study highlights the need for similar research amongst more diverse populations, and for further research into sex differences which could lead the way in treating patients on an individualised basis.”

–

Source: BBC

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The Association has also called for all restoration of the allowances of trainee nurses and midwives as promised by government.

It explained that these trainees on clinical practice lend support to qualified practitioners, bringing 40 percent support to the total contribution of nursing and midwifery into health care delivery.

These calls were made by the President of the Association, Kwaku Asante–Krobea at the celebration of this year’s Nurses and Midwives’ Day by the Ashanti Regional branch of the Association at Ejisu.

The event coincided with the inauguration of the Association’s state- of-the-art Ashanti Regional Guest House situated at Ejisu-Krapa.

Mr. Asante-Krobea said bonding of trainee nurses and midwives should not be tied to employment of the graduates. According to him, in the light of the fact that fewer nurses and midwives are delivering care, graduate employment should be unconditional.

He called for restoration to the privilege of tax-waiver on imported cars to nurses and midwives as promised in the run up of the 2016 elections by Nana Akufo-Addo. The tax waiver was abolished by the previous government

Mr. Asante-Krobea also urged government to establish and retain the Directorate of Nursing and Midwifery at the Ministry of Health to enable the office to advise the sector Minister on policy issues affecting Nursing and Midwifery practice.

The Ashanti Regional Minister Simon Osei-Mensah reminded nurses and midwives to be guided by their code of ethics, which stipulates that their first loyalty is to the client or patient.

He said as health workers, nurses and midwives, should target efforts aimed at attaining the sustainable Development Goals, which include reducing child and maternal deaths and ensuring environmental sustainability.

–

Source: The Finder

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The test detects cancer DNA in the blood, helping doctors check whether precision drugs are working.

Cancer Research UK said the test could “greatly improve survival”.

But larger studies involving more men needed to take place to confirm if doctors could rely on the test, the charity said.

Blood samples from 49 men with advanced prostate cancer were collected by researchers, as part of the phase II clinical trial of a drug called olaparib.

This type of precision drug is seen as the future of cancer medicine but because it is a targeted treatment, the drug does not work for everyone.

Researchers from The Institute of Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust said the test could help target treatment better and also reduce its side effects.

They used it to identify men who were not responding to the treatment in four to eight weeks and also to pick up signs that the cancer was evolving and becoming resistant to the drugs.

‘Major impact’

Prof Johann de Bono, consultant medical oncologist at the two organisations, said: “From these findings, we were able to develop a powerful, three-in-one test that could in future be used to help doctors select treatment, check whether it is working and monitor the cancer in the longer term.”

He added: “Not only could the test have a major impact on treatment of prostate cancer, but it could also be adapted to open up the possibility of precision medicine to patients with other types of cancer.”

Dr Aine McCarthy, senior science information officer at Cancer Research UK, said the blood test was an “exciting” development.

“The test has the potential to greatly improve survival for the disease by ensuring patients get the right treatment for them at the right time and that they aren’t being given a treatment that’s no longer working,” she said.

“Further studies involving a larger group of men will confirm if doctors should use this test when treating patients with advanced prostate cancer.”

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men.

Over 46,000 men are diagnosed with the disease every year in the UK.

Dr Matthew Hobbs, from Prostate Cancer UK, said: “The results from this study and others like it are crucial as they give an important understanding of the factors that drive certain prostate cancers, or make them vulnerable to specific treatments.”

–

Source: BBC

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Diet, health, and other factors can affect the natural fragrance, which should still not smell foul. It’s neither safe nor healthy to attempt to eliminate the vagina’s scent. In fact, doing so can lead to infections that cause an unpleasant odor.

In this article, we explore some strategies that can reduce vaginal odor safely and address underlying medical causes.

It is common for women to be self-conscious about their vaginal odor. These negative feelings can affect self-esteem and body image.

However, it is also normal for the vagina to have a mild, musky smell. Indeed, research suggests that this odor is partially due to pheromones that can increase sexual attractiveness and subtly communicate information about fertility.

This odor changes with hormonal shifts during pregnancy, menopause, and the menstrual cycle. So a subtle smell is not a cause for concern. Some other odors, however, warrant a call to a doctor.

1. Understand the different types of vaginal odor

It is common for women to be self-conscious about their vaginal odor. These negative feelings can affect self-esteem and body image.

However, it is also normal for the vagina to have a mild, musky smell. Indeed, research suggests that this odor is partially due to pheromones that can increase sexual attractiveness and subtly communicate information about fertility.

This odor changes with hormonal shifts during pregnancy, menopause, and the menstrual cycle. So a subtle smell is not a cause for concern. Some other odors, however, warrant a call to a doctor.

Fishy vaginal odor

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal infection among women of childbearing age. When something upsets the vagina’s complex chemistry, harmful bacteria can grow out of control, producing a fishy odor.

Some women with BV experience other symptoms, such as itching or burning, which may feel like a yeast infection. For many women though, the smell is the only symptom. Prescription antibiotics can treat the problem.

Healthful habits can also reduce the risk of BV. Those include:

• Avoiding douches, which upset the delicate pH balance of the vagina.
• Not using scented or flavored products in or around the vagina. Perfumes and other products, such as scented tampons, can alter vaginal chemistry and cause BV.
• Limiting the number of sexual partners and practicing safer sex. While BV is not a sexually transmitted infection (STI), multiple sexual partners can upset the bacteria balance in the vagina, causing BV.

Sweet or beer-like vaginal odor

A yeast overgrowth in the vagina can produce a sweet smell reminiscent of honey or cookies. The vagina might also smell like beer, flour, or bread.

Sometimes the odor smells sour, but it can also be pleasant. Intense burning, itching, or feelings of dryness usually accompany yeast infections. They tend to get worse over time, and some women may notice a discharge that resembles cottage cheese.

People can treat these infections using over-the-counter medicines. However, a woman experiencing her first yeast infection should talk to her doctor to rule out other causes.

Many of the same measures that prevent BV, such as avoiding scented products and never douching, can also prevent yeast overgrowth. Other strategies include:

• Only taking antibiotics when necessary: In some women, antibiotics kill beneficial vaginal bacteria, triggering the growth of vaginal yeast.
• Avoiding oral sex with people who have thrush in their mouth.
• Keeping the vaginal area relatively dry: As yeast thrives in a moist environment. Towel off after a bath or shower, and avoid sitting in wet swimwear or underwear.

Other odors

Hormonal changes during menopause may alter the scent of the vagina, and leave the vagina feeling dry.

Some STIs, notably trichomoniasis, may also alter the smell of the vagina. Any shift in vaginal odor, particularly if the smell is strong or unpleasant, demands a trip to the doctor. It is not recommended to use perfume to mask the smell.

2. Practice gentle hygiene

Safe, gentle vaginal hygiene practices can reduce vaginal odor. Some strategies include:

• Wiping front to back: This prevents fecal matter from getting into the vagina.
• Urinating immediately after sex.
• Using a gentle, fragrance-free soap on the vulva only. Inserting soap into the vagina can alter vaginal pH, causing infections and a foul odor.
• Changing underwear daily, or when underwear is sweaty or soiled.
• Washing underwear in unscented products.
• Showering after sweating or exercise as trapped sweat can increase vaginal odor.
• Washing the vulva with water if there is an unpleasant odor. Between showers, women can use a washcloth to gently wipe down the area, removing sweat and other sources of odor.

3. Choose the right menstrual products

Some women notice a stronger vaginal smell when they get their periods; some women smell an iron-like metallic odor, and others smell ammonia.

Some menstrual products trap odor, compounding this effect. To reduce odor:

• Try wearing internal products. The moisture of maxi pads and reusable cloth pads can contribute to odor. Sitting on a wet pad can also cause an infection.
• Change menstrual products frequently.

4. Know how sex affects vaginal odor

Some women notice a strong fishy odor immediately after sexual intercourse, which is a telltale sign of bacterial vaginosis. Others notice a less distinct smell.

Sometimes interactions between semen and vaginal fluids can cause vaginal odor. Some lubricants can also change vaginal pH and the odor that comes with it. To reduce the odor associated with vaginal intercourse:

• Use a condom to prevent semen from coming into contact with vaginal fluids.
• Rinse the vagina and vulva with plain water following intercourse. Do not douche.
• Avoid using scented or flavored lubricants.

5. Consider a probiotic

Probiotics support healthy bacteria throughout the body, including in the vagina. Probiotics may help prevent some vaginal infections, especially yeast.

By controlling infections, probiotics can reduce causes of vaginal odor. Because probiotics help restore the vagina’s normal pH, they also help reduce vaginal odor.

6. Choose the right clothing

Clothing can trap things in or around the vagina such as:

• sweat
• dead skin
• discharge
• leaked semen from earlier intercourse
• other sources of odor

Very tight-fitting clothing is a common culprit. That includes some shapewear. Fecal matter that travels to the vagina can cause infections and odors, so avoid clothing that encourages this spread. This includes tight-fitting thong underwear.

Breathable cotton is the best choice for women concerned about vaginal odor. Cotton is less likely to hold moisture close to the vagina. This makes it more difficult for bacteria and other sources of odor to accumulate and produce a strong smell.

7. Eat a healthful diet

Very sugary foods can trigger an overgrowth of yeast, altering the odor of the vagina.

There’s some evidence that other strong-smelling foods might also change the vagina’s smell. Onions, coffee, and other strong-smelling foods can alter the smell of the vagina by changing the smell of sweat and other bodily fluids.

There’s little scientific research supporting the use of any specific food to change the smell of the vagina. Some anecdotal evidence suggests that some sweet-smelling foods, such as watermelon, apple, and celery, might help.

It’s also important to drink plenty of water. Remaining well-hydrated prevents bacterial overgrowth. It can also prevent sweat from smelling bad, resulting in less pronounced vaginal odor.

–

Source: Medical News Daily

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In spite of his assertion, he said the scheme remains one of the country’s major interventions to improving access to healthcare.

“We have to be healthy if we are to make a success of the plans and aspirations we have. The National Health Insurance Scheme remains the best option we have devised to ensure that as many people as possible have access to health care in our clinics and hospitals. The scheme is not in a good state, and there are too many providers that are owed money. They are threatening to opt out and stop offering their services to the most vulnerable in our society,” Akufo-Addo said.

Delivering his maiden State of the Nation Address before Parliament on Tuesday, February 21, 2017, Akufo-Addo said the government will work to restore the scheme to a vibrant state.

“We shall restore the National Health Insurance Scheme to good health,” Akufo-Addo said while announcing his plans for the health sector.

His government, while in opposition, heavily criticized the John Mahama-led government of collapsing the health insurance scheme which was introduced by the New Patriotic Party’s John Agyekum Kufuor as one of his major social interventions.

While the incumbent government accused the erstwhile John Mahama administration of collapsing the scheme, the National Democratic Congress insisted that they expanded the scheme to accommodate more health institutions and increased the number of subscribers.

Ex-president, John Mahama in his last State of the Nation Address said his government had increased the number of subscribers from 10 million in 2009 to 11.2 million.

But the new President, Nana Akufo-Addo, who appears more concerned about the effectiveness of the scheme, has given assurances of his government’s commitment to improve it.

Meanwhile, Nana Akufo-Addo has reiterated government’s commitment to restore trainee nurses allowance, which was scrapped under the Mahama-led administration.

The plan to restore the allowance is one of the major promises Akufo-Addo made while on the campaign trail ahead of the 2016 presidential elections.

–

By: Jonas Nyabor/citifmonline.com/Ghana
Follow @jnyabor

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The research follows anecdotal reports that players who head balls may be more prone to developing dementia later in life.

The Football Association says it will look at this area more closely.

Experts said recreational players were unlikely to incur problems.

Dawn Astle, the daughter of former England and West Brom striker Jeff Astle, who died aged 59 suffering from early onset dementia, said it was “obvious that it [his dementia] was linked to his footballing career”.

The inquest into his death in 2002 found that repeatedly heading heavy leather footballs had contributed to trauma to his brain.

Ms Astle told BBC Radio 5 Live: “At the coroner’s inquest, football tried to sweep his death under a carpet. They didn’t want to know, they didn’t want to think that football could be a killer and sadly, it is. It can be.”

She said her father was 55 and physically very fit when he went to the doctor, who diagnosed him with the early onset of dementia.

By the end he “didn’t even know he’d ever been a footballer”, she said, before adding: “Everything football ever gave him, football had taken away.”

Researchers from University College London and Cardiff University examined the brains of five people who had been professional footballers and one who had been a committed amateur throughout his life.

They had played football for an average of 26 years and all six went on to develop dementia in their 60s.

While performing post mortem examinations, scientists found signs of brain injury – called chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in four cases.

CTE has been linked to memory loss, depression and dementia and has been seen in other contact sports.

Prof Huw Morris, of University College London, told the BBC: “When we examined their brains at autopsy we saw the sorts of changes that are seen in ex-boxers, the changes that are often associated with repeated brain injury which are known as CTE.

“So really for the first time in a series of players we have shown that there is evidence that head injury has occurred earlier in their life which presumably has some impact on them developing dementia.”

In the study, published in the journal Acta Neuropathologica, the report’s authors make it clear they were not analysing the risks of heading by children.

But the science is far from clear-cut.

Each brain also showed signs of Alzheimer’s disease and some had blood vessel changes that can also lead to dementia.

Researchers speculate that it was a combination of factors that contributed to dementia in these players.

But they acknowledge their research cannot definitively prove a link between football and dementia and are calling for larger studies to look at footballers’ long-term brain health.

Dr David Reynolds, at the charity Alzheimer’s Research UK, said: “The causes of dementia are complex and it is likely that the condition is caused by a combination of age, lifestyle and genetic factors.

“Further research is needed to shed light on how lifestyle factors such as playing sport may alter dementia risk, and how this sits in the context of the well-established benefits of being physically active.”

He added that for people who are recreational footballers, football injuries are unlikely to cause long-term problems and he pointed to expert advice that the benefit of exercise is likely to outweigh the risks.

A number of previous cases involving boxers and American footballers have suggested that repetitive blows can cause long-lasting and progressive brain damage.

But until now there have only been a few case reports of individual footballers with CTE in the UK and the extent of the issue is still unknown.

The Football Association welcomed the study and said research was particularly needed to find out whether degenerative brain disease is more common in ex-footballers.

Dr Charlotte Cowie, of the FA, added: “The FA is determined to support this research and is also committed to ensuring that any research process is independent, robust and thorough, so that when the results emerge, everyone in the game can be confident in its findings.”

–

Source: BBC

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According to him, this will help ease the cost burden on government, as well as ensure that doctors in Ghana are trained with an understanding of the country’s health needs.

Making a case for this assertion, he said although Family Health University College offered revision courses for foreign Trained Medical Doctors, they would want government to consider training more doctors home, rather than sending them abroad for training.

Prof. Kwawukume was speaking at a media interaction to introduce the school’s new graduate programmes to the public.

The National Accreditation Board recently authorized to the Family Health University College to run a Four (4) year Graduate Medical Programme.

The programme,  known as the ‘The Family Health Graduate Medical Programme (FGMP)’, will run parallel to the existing Family Health Medical School Programme which is affiliated to University of Ghana.

Professor Yao Kwawukume, who is also the former Chair of the West Africna College of Surgeons (WACS), said the four-year programme will be done in two phases of 18 months for the first part, and 30 months for the second part.

According to him, the school is poised to demystify the study of Medicine in the country, and for that reason uses an integrated modular system, on a semester basis as course credit system.

–
By: Kojo Agyeman/citifmonline.com/Ghana

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According to council, the move is to apply the law to ensure that the hospital, which is a body sculpting centre, stops operating until its CEO, Dr Dominic Obeng-Andoh acquires the necessary license.

The closure on Thursday [January 27] is the second in legal action against the facility after the council revoked the license of its CEO, Dr. Obeng-Andoh in 2013 for operating illegally.

Speaking to Citi News, the Registrar of the Medical and Dental Council, Dr. Eli Atikpui also said his outfit will coordinate with the security agencies in addressing the issue.

“As we speak now, Dr Obeng-Andoh does not hold a valid registration to enable him practice as doctor. The law states that the permanent register expires at the end of the year in which it was issued, and the practitioner is supposed to renew the registration each year before it expires.”

“The last time he renewed his registration was in 2013 and he was supposed to renew his registration each year after it expired by 21^st December 2012. We have made our presentations to the appropriate institutions and we expect the appropriate actions to the taken.”

‘Dr Obeng-Andoh arrested’

Dr Obeng Andoh was in December 2016 arrested over the same issue after the Dental and Medical Council said it had received several complains of medical complications from some persons who had patronized Dr Obeng-Andoh’s body sculpting and plastic surgery services.

According to the council, Dr Obeng-Andoh’s practice was dangerous to the lives of his patients hence moved in to stop his operations.

Following threats by the council to lock up his hospital, the doctor, who had been granted police bail headed to court seeking an injunction on the council’s action but the case was thrown out of court after the judge discovered that his [Dr Obeng-Andoh’s] lawyer was not qualified to initiate the legal process at the time of filing the application.

–

By: Jonas Nyabor/citifmonline.com/Ghana

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He said: “There is no doubt that if we are to improve the standard of living of our people then we must improve health care, let us, therefore, strive for skilled but not cheap labour”.

Dr Deikumah, who is at the Department of Entomology and Wildlife, said this at the 2016/2017 academic year second joint matriculation ceremony of the Registered Post Basic Nursing programmes in the Greater Accra Region on Friday.
He, therefore, encouraged the respective health training schools to prove that they have the capacity to offer world class quality training for health professionals.

“These health professionals will later use the knowledge gained to impact on the strong standards of quality health services in the country.

“It is undeniable fact that central to the progress of any nation is the development of the human resource through training and education
“This country needs more doctors, nurses and midwives to ensure that the country is able to meet its developmental goals and without a healthy population, the development of any country is thwarted,” he said.

Mr Lawrence O. Lawson, the Head of Allied Health Training Institutions Secretariat, Ministry of Health (MOH), said nursing was critical to the capacity building and development in the country.

“All these nursing programmes forms part of the vital areas the Ministry of Health has identified and injecting professional skills over the years to improve primary health care.

“This is because the absence of adequate care in these areas threatens the work force and the population of the country,” he said.

Mr Lawson said it was for that and many other reasons that the training focused on the enhancement and competencies of nurses.

He said: “The matriculates present here is critical to the capacity development in the health sector”.
He, therefore, challenged the students to make the best use of their training sessions in order to realise their various ambitions.

Mr Lawson, however, pledged the MOH’s continuous assistance to enhance development in various health training schools.

Dr Evans Atito-Narh, the Director, School of Anaesthesia, Ridge Hospital, congratulated the students for successfully obtaining admission to pursue their dream courses in the various schools.

He said better health was central to human happiness and well-being.

“It also makes an important contribution to economic progress as healthy populations live longer and are more productive,” he said.

He urged the students to make use of the opportunity offered them by the health training institutions by staying focused, working hard and remaining conscious of the efforts and sacrifices of their parents and guardians towards their future job security through quality education.

Out of the 279 students; 59 gained admission to study Ophthalmic Nursing, 142 would be studying Peri-Operative and Critical Care Nursing, whilst 48 would be reading Public Health Nursing at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital with the remaining 40 being offered admission into the School of Anesthesia at the Ridge Hospital.

The students were led by Dr Deikumah on behalf of the various principals of the respective schools to undertake the Matriculation Oath which binds each student to abide by all rules and regulations and also to be of good behaviour while pursuing their studies in order to promote a positive image of the institution.

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The donation was made under the Lead, Ghana Second Year of life Project (2YL) of the CDC, which forms part of their initiatives in preventing disease spread.

Dr Mawuli K. Nyaku, the Head of the 2YL project, who made the presentation, to the Ghana Health Service (GHS), said the supplies would be used to test suspected cases of meningitis across the country, especially in the Northern, Upper East and Upper West Regions.

He said, “The CDC has been procuring a lot of laboratory supplies and equipment for the country, including this donation.”

He said because of the usual drought in Northern Ghana the CDC found it expedient to initiate interventions to check the spread of the disease.

Dr Nyaku said the five-year project, which was in its second year, was, however, focused on immunisation as part of efforts in preventing meningitis and many other diseases in Ghana.

He stated that it was important to keep data and records of these immunisation projects in the country so as make improvements in subsequent disease controls, saying, “The CDC’s main goal is to prevent the spread of diseases globally”.

He said nurses were being trained on immunization across the country to visit various schools to cover as many people as possible.

“So we are looking at a broader picture of providing health containers for schools everywhere in this project,” he explained.

Dr Ebenezer Appiah Denkyira, the Director General of the GHS, who received the donation, expressed appreciation, saying: “We are grateful to the CDC for improving our limited resources.”

He told the Ghana News Agency, in an interview, that the GHS had not recorded any outbreak of meningitis this year, and expressed optimism that the donation would help to prevent the spread of the disease.
Dr Joseph Opare, the National Project Coordinator of 2YL, explained that Meningitis, caused by a bacteria or virus, manifested as an inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and the spinal cord.

Injuries to the spinal cord, cancer, and certain drugs can also result in meningitis.

The disease is commonly spread through close contact, sneezing, coughing and kissing with affected persons.

Symptoms include fever, and headache coupled with pain and stiffness in the neck, convulsions and confusion, which are experienced within two to 10 days of infection.

However, it could be successfully treated with antibiotics when patients report early to health facilities.

As part of preventive measures, the public is advised to drink a lot of water, ventilate their living places and frequently wash their hands under running water before eating or cooking, and after visiting the washroom.

It is also advisable to avoid crowded areas during an outbreak of meningitis.

–

Source: GNA

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