WILL A DEAL REACHED WORK?<\/strong><\/p>\nUncertain, but what is clear is that this conference has the best chance yet of making a real difference. Over 183 countries covering 95 per cent of the world\u2019s emissions or greenhouse gases have already submitted Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) to the UN \u2014 which are targets for how much they are going to reduce emissions or \u00a0by over the next few years. These voluntary agreements are a key difference to the Kyoto Protocol in that they are set by countries themselves, rather than someone else telling them what to do. It\u2019s hoped this will make them more likely to participate and stick to the plan. China has agreed, for example, for emissions to peak at 2030 and the EU will cut emissions by 40 per cent of 1990 levels. Another key part of the summit will be developing a financial plan to help developing nations invest in renewable energy so they bypass the whole step of becoming high emitters as they develop. This might not be a very bold step but Executive Secretary of the UNFCCC Christinia Figueres insists the INDCs mark the start of a trajectory to improve on in future. \u201cWith the full implementation of the climate change plans that we have on the table, we will be at a temperature increase that is anywhere between 2.7 and 3.5 depending on what you\u2019re counting and what your methodology and assumptions are,\u201d she said. \u201cThat is fundamental progress so we\u2019re no longer at four, five or six degrees increase. We\u2019re in the bandwidth of 2.7 to 3.5 degrees \u2014 a very, very important sign of progress of policy, of technology and of capital shifts.\u201d<\/p>\n
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